Inside the Mind of a Serial Killer Essays - 1049 Words

Inside Thy Mind: A Psychological Study of the Minds of Men and Women Serial Killers Barbie Sharp Psy 250 A02 Dr. Toby Arquette Argosy University Abstract What are underling factors that contribute to the psychological profile of men and women serial killers? This paper examines scientific and meta-analysis studies of men and women serial killers in an attempt to identify some of these factors. By investigating psychological theories involving men and women serial killers mental stability and violence motives, the findings from this paper suggest that more research needs to be done in order to address these societal issues and possibly prevent future violence†¦show more content†¦Knight states, â€Å"That serial murders have been chronicled throughout history since the 1400’s.† Then by the 1960’s there was an increased number of serial killers, in which one may ask why? Could we apply Bowlby’s attachment theory, personality disorder, and physical abuse as a child to explain such heinous crimes? We do know that serial killing comes in many different forms and in the way each offender has committed these crimes. We also know some kill alone while others kill with partners, although each crime is different; one can see that almost all serial murders are acted upon with the purpose and motive of the fascination each killer perceives they must act out. When we talk about men serial killers, many remember the most notorious like John Wayne Gacy, Ted Bundy, Jeffery Dahmer, Robert Hanson, Larry Gene Bell, Denise Radar and Charles Manson. Although criminal profiling has been around for a long time; John Douglas and Robert Ressler has made criminal profiling into an art. The art of profiling is using deductive reasoning and depends greatly on the human experience and common sense by utilizing psychological, behavioral, criminal and investigative profiling. The main key to capturing a serial killer is to get into the mind of that serial killer (White, 2010). Because of these two men we are now able to see some comparable patterns between these serial killers. 1978 is when investigator s uncovered the remains of 29Show MoreRelatedInside The Mind Of A Serial Killer852 Words   |  4 PagesThe title of my proposed topic is: Inside The Mind of a Serial Killer. Mental Health services are a great portion of the Health and Human Service arena offering services to groups, individuals, intervention, prevention, inpatient, outpatient, and clinical administering of prescription drugs as well as court required evaluations. Mental health services are vital for understanding violent criminals and the treatment of all mental disorders. There are many Live-in Treatment Facilities to assist individualsRead MoreThe Mind and Motivation of a Serial Killer Essay777 Words   |  4 PagesThe mind and motivation of a serial killer Serial killers tend to be white heterosexual males in their twenties and thirties, who are sexually dysfunctional and have low self-esteem. Serial killers generally murder strangers with cooling off periods in between each murder. Serial killers are twisted in nature. Some return to the place the murder happened or the gravesite to fantasize about their deeds. Serial killers have made many excuses for their killings and behavior such as: Henry LucasRead More The Mind and Motivation of a Serial Killer Essay772 Words   |  4 Pages The mind and motivation of a serial killer nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Serial killers tend to be white heterosexual males in their twenties and thirties, who are sexually dysfunctional and have low self-esteem. Serial killers generally murder strangers with cooling off periods in between each murder. Serial killers are twisted in nature. Some return to the place the murder happened or the gravesite to fantasize about their deeds. Serial killers have made many excuses for their killings and behaviorRead MoreTwo Articles on the Motives and Mind of a Serial Killer1470 Words   |  6 Pages The mind of a serial killer can be very interesting in being able to find out what makes them want to do what they do. Knowing if someone was abused as a child and if this makes them more likely to become a serial killer or not become a serial killer is something I was very curious to learn about. Something that happens in a person’s childhood can affect the way they act when they become adults. I found two sources talking about childhood abuse and serial killers. The first source was an internetRead MoreEssay The Making of a Serial Killer, An Annotated Bibliography1410 Words   |  6 PagesAnnotated Bibliography: Brogaard, Berit. The Making of a Serial Killer. Psychology Today. Sussex Directories, Inc., 7 Dec. 2012. Web. 03 May 2014. Berit Brogaard, D.M.Sci., Ph.D., is a Professor of Philosophy and the Director of the Brogaard Lab for Multisensory Research at the University of Miami. She earned a medical degree in neuroscience and a doctorate in philosophy. This article explained the traits of a psychopath, such as their callous, manipulative, and cunning behavior, along withRead MoreSerial Killers Statistics : Serial Killer Statistics Essay818 Words   |  4 PagesNovember 23). Serial killer statistics. Retrieved July 28, 2016 fromhttp://maamodt.asp.radford.edu/Serial%20Killer%20Information%20Center/Serial%20Killer%20Statistics.pdf This article covers serial killers statistics. Many table reports are illustrated with the sole purpose to demonstrate accurate information about serial killers. The tables indicate the frequency (by decade) and the number of separate serial killers operating in any given year in the USA. Beasley II, J. O. (2004). Serial Murder inRead MoreEssay Are Serial Killers Born or Made?1560 Words   |  7 PagesEvidence that was gathered from books such as â€Å"Inside the Minds of Mass Murderers† and â€Å"Inside the Minds of Serial Killers,† both written by Kathertine Ramsland, provide information and evidence that killers are in fact made, not born. Some of the reasons that people believe that killers are made and not born are due to research by many psychiatrists on serial killers and mass murderers who are on death roe that have committed some of the most heinous crimes. One argument is that there is a set ofRead MoreA Serial Killers Characteristics Begin at Childhood800 Words   |  3 PagesChildhood Characteristic of Serial killers The basic definition of Serial Killers are that it is a group of people who’s work is just to kill, kill and kill innocent people over a longer period of time without being wedged or bunged. They are not like mass murd erers, who may kill many people at one time - majority of the time because of circumstantial behavior. Serial Killers are completely a different from traditional or mass murderers they always make a proper plan and they are very specificRead MoreThe Murder Of Serial Killers1703 Words   |  7 PagesA grieving mother drapes herself over the casket of her deceased son. The 14 year old had fallen victim to one of the most infamous serial killers in history, Jeffrey Dahmer. Dahmer killed a total of 17 known victims, all between the ages of 14 and 33. In his most recent murders, he often resorted to necrophilia, cannibalism, and permanent preservation of body parts (â€Å"Jeffrey Dahmer Biography†). The mother looks at what is left of her son’s face, the face that once smiled to her every morning beforeRead MoreSerial Killers And The United States1743 Words   |  7 PagesIntroduction Serial murder crime though rare, is not a a new phenomenon. This crime has been committed for centuries and will continue to be a crime that is committed throughout the world. It is unfortunate and scary that this is probably one of the most serious of crimes that cannot be prevented. According to the U.S. Department of Justice, serial murderers commit their crimes because they want to. Rehabilitation is not obtainable for serial killers due to their inability for remorse and empathy

Managment Diversity Free Essays

string(256) " able to work to its full capacity in an environment where no member, or for that matter group of members, have an advantage or disadvantage based on their individual differences \(Torres Bruxelles, 1992, as cited in D’Netto Sohal, 1999\)\." ?WORKPLACE DIVERSITY Introduction In modern times, diversity management has been brought to the forefront of organisational issues due to factors such as globalisation and the emerging cultural and individual differences that emerge as a result of this diverse world. The purpose of this paper will be to explore the topic of diversity as it relates to the workplace by discussing perspectives from union groups and HRM practitioners and to investigate the barriers to workplace diversity. Through the discussion, the advantages of diversity will be discussed with an emphasis on the implications for the HR function of the organisation. We will write a custom essay sample on Managment Diversity or any similar topic only for you Order Now Overview Workplace diversity relates to the presence of differences among members of the workforce (D’Netto Sohal, 1999). By creating a diverse workforce organisations are able to tap the ideas, creativity, and potential contributions inherent in a diverse workforce (Aghazadeh, 2004). Diversity in the workplace includes culture, gender, nationality, sexual orientation, physical abilities, social class, age, socio-economic status, and religion (Sadri Tran, 2002). These individual characteristics shape an individual’s perception about their environment and how they communicate (Kramar, 1998). Organisations can approach diversity is three differing ways: affirmative action, valuing diversity and managing diversity. Affirmative action attempts to monitor and control diversity in an organisation and in doing so senior management can affect the hiring and promotion of individuals (Sadri Tran, 2002. ) An organisation assumes new individuals or groups will adapt to the norms of the organisation, and will not resist due to fears of reverse discrimination (Sadri and Tran, 2002). Valuing diversity can allow an organisation can focus of the benefits of the differences, therefore developing an environment where all individuals are valued and accepted (Sadri Tran, 2002). Those members who feel valued to their organisation tend to be harder working, more involved and innovative (Agahazadeh, 2004). Valuing Diversity can affect employees’ attitudes positively, however resistance can be experienced due to a fear of change and individuals discomfort with differences (Sadri Tran, 2002. ) Finally, managing diversity is when organisations build pecific skills and create policies which obtain the best values of each employee, which will create new ways of working together (Sadri Tran, 2002). It will provide an opportunity for organisations to manage a workforce which emphasises both organisational and individual performance, whilst still acknowledging individual needs (Kramar, 1998). Although diversity has always existed in organisations, individuals tend to re press their diversity in order to conform to the norms of the organisation and fit into the stereotype of the typical employee (Kramar, 1998). Mismanagement of diversity as a result of unfavourable treatment can inhibit employees working abilities and motivation, which can lead to a lowered job performance (Aghazadeh, 2004). If an environment works well for employees, diversity will work against the organisation, hence the lack of an enabling environment (Kramar, 1998). These fundamental components of workplace diversity can be further viewed through the varying perspectives of union groups, HRM professionals and organisations. PERSPECTIVES AND RATIONALES ON WORKPLACE DIVERSITY From a union perspective Historically the role of unions concentrated mainly on the fight for higher wages, shorter hours and better working conditions. However in recent years a shift has occurred to fighting rights for a diverse workforce (Barrile Cameron, 2004). Management aims to maximise the contribution of all staff to work towards organisational objectives through forming guiding teams for diversity, training to improve languages and celebrating success. Unions however, implement diversity differently (Barrile Cameron, 2004). A feminine approach to leadership has been undertaken to broaden a diverse representation. For instance, under the management of CEO Brian Schwartz, Ernst Young Australia has doubled the number of female partners to ten per cent, made changes to a ‘blokey’ culture and introduced a women’s leadership forum, among other initiatives (Robbins, Bergmann, Coulter Stagg, 2006). Women union leaders tie diversity in leadership to long-term union survival, articularly in light of the impact that diversity has on organising successes and increased visibility of unions to potential female members. Most of these leaders expressed a â€Å"sense of urgency† about the need to advance women and saw continuing barriers that prevented women from entering and remaining in top positions (Mellor et al. , 2003). To overcome such barriers implementations such as commitment to advancing women in the workfor ce and supporting internal structures to activate women have been undertaken by union’s worldwide (Melcher, Eichstedt, Eriksen, Clawson, 1992). Unions have officially recognised caucuses or other groups that permit people of different colour, including women, to discuss issues of concern within their union as well as in the larger workplace and community (Mellor et al. , 2003). Unions have provided mentoring and leadership training programs. Efforts undertaken by unions to foster diversity have resulted visible changes at all levels of leadership. The remaining task is to make those changes bigger and more permanent. The fact that there is more to do does not mean there is failure; it simply means reinforcing longstanding labour movement commitments to dignity, justice and equal opportunity for all working people (Melcher, Eichstedt, Eriksen, Clawson, 1992). Building on the rationale provided by different union groups, HR practitioners also recognise the importance of promoting a diverse workplace and recognise the impact on business goals. From an HRM perspective There are many HRM perspectives that relate to diversity management in organisations. Most of these HRM perspectives lead towards the contention that a successful diversity management policy can lead to a more competitive, functional organisation. In light of the perspectives and rationales discussed in the HRM literature, there a range of implications for HR managers concerning diversity in the workplace. Management of diversity relates to equal employment opportunity, but effective diversity management goes beyond the basic requirements of an equal opportunity workplace (Barrile Cameron, 2004). It is important for HR to determine an effective diversity management policy to be able to encourage a more iverse workplace. The most important job for senior HR managers is to consider how diversity will benefit the organisation and how to define its role in the context of the organisation (Kreitz, 2008). An organisation’s diversity policy should aim to establish an heterogeneous workforce that is able to work to its full capacity in an environment where no member, or for that matter group of members, have an advantage or disadvantage based on their individual differences (Torres Bruxelles, 1992, as cited in D’Netto Sohal, 1999). You read "Managment Diversity" in category "Papers" In exercising their role, HR managers must constantly apply the principles of diversity in order to maximise and sustain the benefits of a diverse workforce. This means HR managers need to be able to link recruitment, selection, development and retention policies to the overall diversity policy of the organisation (Yakura, 1996). Furthermore, the aforementioned should be carried out with a direct link to the overall business goals, the various shifts in the labour market as well as the more contemporary effects of globalisation (Cunningham Green, 2007). There are three initiatives that an organisation should utilise to increase the efficiency of its diversity policy. Firstly, there is a need for HR, when recruiting, to increase the representation in the workplace of historically excluded groups (Conrad Linnehan, 1995). Secondly, the diverse workforce needs to have the necessary empowerment to influence, or at least have input to organisational decision making (Cunningham Green, 2007). More strategic implications for diversity management exist that recognise the emergence of Strategic Human Resource Management (SHRM). Such implications include building diversity strategies into an overall future success plan, integrating diversity practices with senior management practices and encouraging career development opportunities for all employees (Cunningham Green, 2007). Ultimately, managing diversity should promote competitive edge in the organisation by recruiting the most appropriate people for the job regardless of their perceived differences (D’Netto Sohal, 1999). From an organisational perspective: ANZ and Westpac ANZ Bank has responded to the common trends of the Australian workforce with programs to attract and retain a diverse environment that reflects their customer base (ANZ, 2008). An organisation is focused on creating an inclusive culture where all employees are able to contribute, as they believe that diversity and inclusion are essential for high business performance (ANZ, 2008). By managing diversity within the organisation, ANZ is provided with the best talent and a wide variety of experience to achieve success within a global workforce. Similarly, Westpac is determined to enable a diverse workforce that reflects their customers (Westpac, 2008). Westpac has created a culture that understands values and utilises the differences within people, where people can achieve success without encountering bias or being harassed because of gender, race or disability (Westpac, 2008). Both organisations have made efforts to create a diverse working environment through varying HRM practices. For example, HRM within ANZ created the â€Å"My Difference† survey which surveyed more than 13, 500 employees (ANZ, 2008). Within this survey, HR is able to develop a demographic snapshot of the workforce and gather feedback on how their employees perceive diversity and inclusion within the organisation. ANZ also founded the Diversity Council, which introduces policies and sponsors events to create a more inclusive culture (ANZ, 2008). The council attempts to increase awareness by supporting events like International Women’s’ Day and Disability Awareness Week (ANZ, 2008). HR in both organisations has implemented a range of human resource strategies. Disability awareness, plans in both companies outline strategies to increase support and inclusion for customers and staff of the organisation, which include premises being wheelchair accessible (Westpac, 2008; ANZ, 2008). Westpac is also partnered with Disability Works Australia to recruit people with disability to remain a balanced environment (Westpac, 2008). Secondly, to promote age balance, mature age employees are offered flexible working conditions to suit their changing lifestyle (ANZ, 2008). Culturally both banks have planned to help indigenous Australians improve their wellbeing and money management skills. ANZ celebrates cultural diversity by holding â€Å"Annual Cultural Week† (ANZ, 2008). Westpac reflects different cultures by employing members who are able to speak different languages to better understand the customers (Westpac, 2008). To promote flexibility, Westpac has different job designs for individuals’ circumstances, including versatile working hours, job sharing abilities, the ability to work from home, to have career breaks and paid parental leave and affordable childcare at work (Westpac, 2008). On a wider rganisational level, ANZ and Westpac both face a number of popular trends that continue to change the Australian workforce. These include the Australian population becoming increasingly more ethically diverse with 23% of the population born overseas (ANZ, 2008). The population is also ageing and is predicted that in 43 years around 25% of Australia’s population will be aged 65 year or older and the number of women in the workforce has increased from 40% in 1979 to 53% in 2004 (ANZ, 2008). Based upon the actions taken by ANZ and Westpac in this regard, organisations are recognising the benefits of a diverse workplace. The strategies by both companies to increase the representation of women in the workforce, as well as increasing the representation of diverse others, corresponds with the views of both union and non-governmental organisations as well as the perspectives provided through the HRM literature. BARRIERS TO WORKPLACE DIVERSITY Diversity within an organisation can be difficult and expensive to accomplish. Substantial barriers exist in both overcoming laws related to workplace diversity, the actual process of implementing it within an organisation and also the internal characteristics of the individual. The current legislation related to workplace diversity essentially creates an environment in which employers cannot recruit purely on the basis of a desired attribute. The main acts concerned are the Racial Discrimination Act (1975), the Sex Discrimination Act (1984), the Human Rights and Equal Opportunity Commission Act (1984), the Occupational Health and Safety (Commonwealth Employment) Act (1991), the Disability Discrimination Act (1991) and the Workplace Relations Act (1996) (Williams, 2001. These laws essentially shape a scenario for employees where if a desired attribute is sought after, the job must be made appealing to that particular group of people without impairing the opportunity for any other group to obtain the position under the requirements of the legislation. An example of this is Westpac’s initiative to entice more women into their workforce by implementing training programs relating to gender differences in communication and career progression (Westpac, 2008 . ) However, once a company like Westpac overcomes these hurdles, there are still many practical ssues that need to be addressed on an organisational level. If a diversity program is unlikely to be profitable it will not be implemented (Bilimoria, Joy, Liang, 2008). The monetary benefits (such as new customers, better culture and strategic advantage) involved in implementing such diversity need to outweigh the costs (gaining diversity at the expense of skill) involved in pursuing it. The HR department within the organisation has a difficult task in convincing senior management that a diversity program can be beneficial to the organisation (D’Netto Sohal, 1999). The argument often provided by senior management against workplace diversity is that it is disruptive to productivity and causes imbalance in the workplace (D’Netto Sohal, 1999). As a result, the HR function need to be able to present the many advantages of diversity, and provide strong strategic reasoning to ensure that an effective diversity management is implemented. An organisation may also have barriers imbedded in their practices, culture and policies (Bilimoria, Joy, Liang, 2008). Resolving these issues has benefits for both the legality of the operating of the organisation and the multiplicity of their workforce. If senior management participated in only male orientated social events, such as attending the football, it may alienate women who generally may not participate in such events. Policy can also break both legality and potential for diversity by enforcing requirements such as 10 years continual service to an organisation in order to receive promotion into senior management. This continual service factor discriminates against women who are likely to have children, as it will exclude many from the opportunity to obtain the job. However, it is the individual differences within each person that provide the biggest challenge to achieving diversity. Individual differences amongst people are a major hurdle to workplace diversity, as most people feel comfortable when working in homogeneous groups (Kreitz, 2008). The presence of diverse others places employees outside of their comfort zone and makes people resist embracing the presence of others. Furthermore, research by Kreitz (2008) shows that humans, and organisations as well, are in nature highly resistant to change, further complicating the successful implementation of diversity. Another individual, and highly problematic, barrier to diversity is the language barrier that exists to culturally diverse others. This prevents, and in some cases discourages, the full integration of cultural differences within organisations (Kreitz, 2008). Diversity is clearly beneficial to the organisation. Managing diversity should involve utilising the cultural differences in people’s skills and embracing the diverse range of ideas and skills that exist in a diverse workplace in order to ultimately give the organisation a competitive edge. Benefits to diversity clearly outweigh the costs and evident advantages to workplace diversity are supported by various union groups and HRM practitioners. In order to be successful, diversity must be implemented within a strict legal framework and overcome hurdles relating to the practices and policies of organisations, as well as internal, individual barriers. REFERENCES Aghazadeh, SM 2004, ‘Managing workforce diversity as an essential resource for improving organizational performance’, International Journal of Productivity and Performance Management, vol. 3, no. 6, pp. 1-6 ANZ 2008, viewed 10 September , 2008, http://www. anz. com Australian Bureau of Statistics 2008, viewed 10 September, 2008, http://www. abs. gov. au Barrile, S Cameron, T 2004, Business Management: Corporate management, people and change. Macmillan Education, Melbourne, VIC. Bilimoria, D, Joy, S, Liang, X 2008, ‘Breaking barriers and creating inclusiveness: Lessons of organizational transfor mation to advance women faculty in academic science and engineering’, Human Resource Management, vol. 47, no. 3, pp. 423-441 Cox Jr. T Blake, S 1991, ‘Managing cultural diversity: implications for organizational competitiveness’. Academy of Management Executive , vol. 5, no. 3,pp. 45-56. Cunningham, DD Green, D 2007, ‘Diversity as a Competitive Strategy in the Workplace’ Journal of Practical Consulting, vol. 1, no. 2, pp 51-55. D’Netto, B Sohal, A 1999, ‘Human resources practices and workforce diversity: an empirical assessment’, International Journal of Manpower, vol. 20, no. 8, pp. 530-547. Konrad, A Linnehan, F 1995, ‘Formalized human resource management tructures: Coordinating equal opportunity or concealing organizational practices’, Academy of Management Journal, No. 38, pp 787 – 820. Kramar, R 1998, ‘Managing diversity: beyond affirmative action in Australia’, Women in Management Review, vol. 13, no. 4, pp. 1-11 Kreitz, PA 2008, ‘Best Practices for Managing Organisational Diversity’ The Journal of Academic Librarianship, vol. 34, no. 2, pp 101-120. Mellor, Steven, Kath, Lisa, Bulger, Carrie, 2003: Bilingualism: Relationships with Willingness to Participate in Union Activities, Hispanic Journal of Behavioral Sciences, 25 (1): 95-109 Melcher, D. Eichstedt, J. , Eriksen, S. , Clawson, D. , (1992): Women’s Participation in Local Union Leadership: The Massachusetts Experience, Industrial and Labor Relations Review, 45, 267-280 Lepadatu, D Thompson, T, 2008, viewed 15 September, 2008, http://www. allacademic. com//meta/p_mla_apa_research_citation/0/2/2/8/6/pages22860/p22860-1. php Robbins, S, Bergman, R, Stagg, I and Coutler, M 2006, Management, 4th edn, Pearsons Education Australia, NSW. Sadri, G Tran, H 2002, ‘Managing your diverse workforce through improved communication’, Journal of Management Development, vol. 21, no. , pp. 227-237 Westpac, 2008, viewed 10 September, 2008, http://www. westpac. com. au Westpac. (2008). Diversity and women in management. Viewed 21 September, 2008, http://www. westpac. com. au/Internet/Publish. nsf/content/WICREMCS+Diversity+and+women+in+management Williams, H. (2001). Guidelines on Workplace Diversity. Viewed September 20, 2008,http://www. apsc. gov. au/publications01/diversityguidelines. pdf   Yakura, E 1996, ‘EEO law and managing diversity’, in E Kossek S Lobel (ed. ), Managing Diversity: Human Resource Strategies for Transforming the Workplace, pp 25 – 30 How to cite Managment Diversity, Papers

Watergate Thesis Exploring The Roles Of Dean free essay sample

Watergate ( Thesis: Researching The Roles Of Dean, Li Essay, Research Paper Watergate The illegal actions sanctioned by G. Gordon Liddy and John Dean led to the prosecution of the Nixon disposal s link to the Watergate housebreaking by particular prosecuting officers Archibald Cox and Leon Jaworski. The Watergate saga is a compelling narrative of a failed authorities that in two old ages went from: the implausible to the unthinkable-the first surrender in history of a U.S. president. Despite some dismaies, establishments held steady, jurisprudence was upheld, and a chastened democracy survived. It was a major political dirt that began with the burglary and wiretapping of the Democratic Party s run central office, subsequently steeping President Richard M. Nixon and many of his protagonists in a assortment of illegal Acts of the Apostless. ( Schell 11 ) . Richard Nixon had chosen non to utilize the traditional system ( Cook 16-17 ) in the 1972 Presidential Election. He bypassed the national party organisation ( Cook 20 ) and created the Committee to Re-Elect the President ( CREEP ) , all of whose fund-raising and other activities were to be devoted to the involvements of one man-Richard Nixon ( Emerson 22-23 ) . With direct orders from President Nixon himself, U.S. Attorney General John Mitchell orchestrated a myriad of CREEP s dirty fast ones ( Kutler 84 ) , runing from laundered pecuniary parts to hammer governmental paperss. Nixon desired to win the election at all costs ( White 45 ) . His paranoia over triumph became so genitive that he twice ordered associates of CREEP, besides known as the pipe fitters ( Cook 51 ) , to infix a bug into the telephone of Lawrence F. O Brien, president of the Democratic National Committee ( DNC ) . Nixon believed entree to his opposition s tactics would give him an interior border to our triumph ( Sirica 155-156 ) .On the dark of June 17, 1972, five CREEP secret agents were caught intruding in the offices of the Democratic National Committee in Washington D.C. s esteemed hotel, the Watergate. The apprehensions of these plotters would easy uncover espionage taking to high authorities functionaries ( Crowley 36 ) , including Mitchell and President Nixon. T he caput of the Watergate burglary was Gordon Liddy, the intelligence head ( Cook 19-21 ) of CREEP, who reported to Mitchell. Assisted by former Central Intelligence Agency ( CIA ) agent E. Howard Hunt, Liddy supervised the operation from other Watergate suites. After larning of the pipe fitters arrest, he rapidly destroyed implying paperss and money intended to counterbalance the pipe fitters for their actions. Among those involved in the housebreaking at the Watergate was James W. McCord, a security adviser for the CIA. He was arrested for seting bugs in the DNC central office. Despite the apprehension of McCord, the organisation denied imperativeness claims that linked them to the housebreaking. CREEP realized safeguards had to be taken ( Emery 126-127 ) in order to wipe out any grounds uncovering their engagement or its connexion to the White House. The leading of CREEP, including Mitchell, decided to seek for a speedy hole ( Dean 195 ) by directing Liddy to run into with U.S. A ttorney General Richard Kleindiest. Kleindiest had been Mitchell s helper in the Justice Department before wining him as Attorney General. Liddy spilled the lot-that he was running the operation, that the work forces would maintain their oral cavities shut, that McCord was on the regular CREEP paysheet under his true name ( Kulter 200-202 ) . His confession of CREEP s engagement included possible connexion to the White House and requested that McCord be released from gaol. Mitchell in peculiar had wanted to train McCord s statement ( White 154, 156-157 ) in the likeliness that he might be interrogated or brought to test. However, Liddy s personal petition from Mitchell ( Emery 146-147 ) was refused, even after Liddy reassured Kleindiest there was no hazard in let go ofing McCord. Kleindiest interpreted this to intend no personal danger and replied: Me? Fuck what happens to me? What happens to the President if I try a fool thing like that? It s the god-damnest thing I ve of all time heard of ( White 160 ) . Apparently, Kleindiest was unaware of the extent of the White House s engagement in the dirt, peculiarly President Nixon s. Discouraged by the operation s deficiency of success, Liddy set-up a conversation with former U. S. Attorney General Robert Mardian and Presidential counsellor John Dean. Liddy expressed his dedication to the completion of his function, stating them that his squad are all soldiers ( Schell 64-66 ) and their committednesss needed to be honored ( Cook 75 ) . Liddy was connoting his agents were to have hush-money ( Cook 52-53 ) , a final payment for their silence when questioned. He so proceeded to state Mardian and Dean that Nixon had authorized the executing of payments. Shortly afterwards, Liddy received installments of money for the silence of those jailed ( Sirica 144-145 ) . Although the payments totaled greater than $ 80,000, Liddy was unable to bring forth adequate financess to go on the pay-offs. The failure of the hush-money and a turning FBI probe placed great force per unit area upon Liddy. In hastiness, he executed a concluding effort to forestall the exposure of Watergate. Liddy contacted Nixon s counsellor, John Dean, bespeaking that he make a ruddy herring for the FBI ( Cook 53-53 ) ; claims from dependable White House beginnings ( Crowley 197 ) stating that the CIA had played a major function in the Watergate housebreaking. Following the orders of Liddy, Dean relayed this information to FBI manager L. Patrick Gray. However, the FBI had already uncovered adequate critical information in their probe. Agents had traced Liddy s name from the Watergate hotel register ( Emery 203 ) , under the listing, George Leonard. In add-on, a confiscated reference book ( Emery 203 ) from the one of the pipe fitters contained Liddy s office figure. The grounds pointed straight at CREEP s intelligence head -G. Gordon Liddy. Confronting certain prosecution, Liddy rapidly terminated his relationship to Nixon s run organis ation. Liddy was convicted on counts of burglary in the first grade despite an guiltless supplication. He served 4 old ages, four months in gaol, accepting an drawn-out sentence because of his refusal to attest before a expansive jury. Liddy remained in prison for his full sentence, vowing to maintain his silence despite several offers of unsusceptibility ( Berstein and Woodward 239, 270-271 ) . In add-on to Liddy # 8217 ; s engagement, John Dean, III, played an of import function in the Watergate cover-up. Dean originally held the place as advocate to President Nixon. His experience in the White House led him to go accustomed to burglaries and unethical fast ones ( Kutler 165-167 ) from the political universe. He had suspected the Watergate debacle was engineered by ( Nixon aide ) Chuck Colson ( Crowley 35, 36-38 ) . He would go to the full cognizant of the truth in a conversation with G. Gordon Liddy. Liddy confessed he was at mistake for the Watergate burglary. He strongly asser ted that the link with the president s run had become excessively close ( Dean 51-56 ) . In explicating his guilt, Liddy said: This is my mistake. I m prepared to accept duty for it. In add-on, if person wants to hit me on a streetcorner, I m prepared to hold that done. You merely allow me cognize when and where, and I ll be there ( Dean 55 ) . Dean began to recognize that everyone near to the president was involved. Liddy led to Mitchell, and Mitchell led to Nixon. To look into farther, Dean open erectile dysfunction Hunt s safe ( Cook 179-180 ) , merely to falter upon implying grounds. A stack of paperss included bogus links of President Kennedy s telling the blackwash of South Vietnam president, Ngo Dinh Diem ( Apple 219-223 ) and other bad paperss. Dean knew that the exposure of these paperss could potentially destruct the full Nixon disposal. He returned the bad paperss to the safe in hopes that non another psyche laid eyes upon those documents ( Emery 245 ) . With instructions from Liddy, Dean attempted to procrastinate the FBI s advancement by making a gambit ; inform Gray of CIA intuition ( Sirica 111-112, 114 ) . Dean s gambit even received direct support from Nixon who was eager to forestall FBI probes. However, the gambit merely lasted a few yearss before Gray was able to keep off speculative newsmans. Dean so tried to carry the CIA into assisting with the cover-up, yet they strongly declined. Increasing force per unit area from the FBI s probe forced Dean to take affairs into his ain custodies. ( Dean 136 ) . Dean destroyed the Diem paper and other bad paperss from Hunt s safe. He so proceeded to press the CIA to assist Liddy s jailed work forces and requested CIA financess be used for hush money. Vernon Walters, moving CIA deputy manager, acknowledged Dean s quandary but said the procedure was unacceptable ( Emery 75-77, 83 ) . Dean was able to roll up some financess from CREEP subscribers for the silence of the work forces in gaol ( Dean 300-302 ) . This thought proved to be successful until the all of the financess were used, go forthing Dean no option but to make a 2nd gambit to deflect attending from the White House and President Nixon. As the FBI s probe began to concentrate upon the CREEP organisation, Dean decided that all unimportant grounds ( Cook 139 ) be submitted to the research workers. The files considered sensitive ( Sirica 156 ) were given to Director Gray, leting Dean to claim that everything was given to the FBI ( Sirica 158-160, 162 ) . Dean knew Gray would non uncover the secret paperss because of his trueness to the Nixon disposal. However, Dean lied to Gray and merely told him that the files had no connexion to the Watergate housebreaking ( Schell 214 ) . Agents conducted interviews with the associates of CREEP. From several different statements, the FBI gained cognition of Hunt s office. In detecting its being, the FBI demanded a full hunt. Dean knew the safe in Hunt s safe contained po litical dynamite ( White 73-80 ) and there were excessively many informants for it to vanish ( White 82 ) . Indeed, the 2nd gambit had failed in covering this facet of the probe. The attempts of Dean could merely non maintain up with the intensive probe conducted by the FBI. The exposure of the bad documents would shortly take to Dean s cover-up and finally, Nixon himself.After being indicted, President Nixon encouraged Dean to perpetrate bearing false witness in hopes of salvaging the Nixon disposal. Yet Dean no longer desired to be the White House s whipping boy ( Cook 233-240 ) and the force per unit area of Hunt endangering to attest worsened the state of affairs. The Senate s governing on opening an probe on Watergate forced Dean to attest before a expansive jury. His true testimony made Dean an indispensable informant. He gave a flawless testimony, straight from his memory, although, at times, his statements contradicted Nixon s word ( Dean 304-312 ) . Dean testified that Nixo n had ordered a taping system installed in the White House to enter all conversations ( Cook 356-352 ) . His testimony earned him a reduced sentence because of his cooperation with the authorities. The successful prosecution of Dean, Liddy, and the other pipe fitters was partly attributed to Watergate lawyer, Archibald Cox. A Harvard professor, Cox had been a canvasser in the Johnson and Kennedy disposal and was extremely regarded in legal circles. Cox s primary game program ( Doyle 7-9 ) concentrated upon the secret White House tapes. Cox s involvements focused upon the day of the months of June 20, 1972, and September 15 ; when recordings revealed Nixon s orders for the housebreaking and teaching his agents to perpetrate bearing false witness ( Emery 187-190 ) . Nixon appealed to the petitions for these the tapes by mentioning that they were affairs of national security ( Schell 229-230 ) . Despite his uninterrupted entreaties, the Supreme Court eventually reached a finding of fac t in favour of Cox s demand for the nine tapes. Although Cox had obtained a tribunal subpoena, White House advocate Fred Buzhardt declined. Cox responded with menaces of legal biddings yet he was denied once more. Then, Cox was reminded he was capable to superior s instructions ( Doyle 239-243 ) , showing the power of the presidential term, right or incorrect, that could be imposed upon the people. Frustrated, Cox suggests a 3rd party listen to the tapes and signifier written sum-ups. The President s attorneies declined rapidly. The Stennis Plan was so initiated to carry Cox non to uncover the tapes in test: Senator Stennis was to function as a impersonal voucher of the tapes ( Crowley 102, 120 ) . Cox requested the program include the right to future entree to all grounds ( Bernstein and Woodward 278 ) , including the controversial tapes. Nixon became angered and pressed to fire Cox. The president so executed the ill-famed Saturday Night Massacre, telling U.S. Attorney General Elli ot Richardson to fire Cox. ( Doyle 194-197 ) . Burdened by guilt, Richardson at the same time retired from his place excessively. The new prosecuting officer, Leon Jaworski, was expected to give more lenience ( Cook 175 ) to the Nixon disposal. Jaworski was a good known Texas lawyer, who rose out of the blue to the place of Watergate prosecuting officer. Naturally, Nixon handpicked him for the place ( Jaworski 11 ) . Similar to Cox s scheme, Jaworski desired the White House tapes, merely to be denied entree by Nixon himself. The president attempted to deflect Jaworski by offering transcripts of the tapes. Jaworski declined and earned a tribunal determination of 8-0 ( ballots ) for entree to the recordings. J. Fred Buzhardt, Nixon s attorney, therefore informed Jaworski of the smoke gun ( Jaworski 46-49 ) tape that had been left in silence ( Emery 25-29 ) during the Cox prosecution. Its contents purportedly contained the President telling a strategy of the CIA blockading the FBI. How ever, a cryptic 18 + spread occurred ( Schell 126-130 ) during the recordings, determined to be erasures done by professionals in a conclusive study ( Doyle 212-219 ) . Yet, Jaworski did non necessitate the tape to imply the disgraceful politician. The confession of John Dean and other information found on the tapes merely incriminated Nixon for his ain words, calling him an unindicted plotter ( Schell 230-240 ) . Nixon s guilt caused him to deteriorate mentally and physically. To decrease Nixon s load, Jaworski promised to do a statement to the imperativeness declaring there was no connexion of deal-making ( Jaworski 275-279 ) between him and Nixon. Confronting about certain impeachment, Nixon resigned on August 9, 1974. Successor Gerald Ford pardoned him and declared him immune from federal prosecution. The Watergate dirt involved the most powerful work forces in the authorities and precipitated a constitutional confrontation between the executive and the bench ( Emery 5-6 ) more of import than any other in American history. The secrets of Watergate exposed by lawyers Cox and Jaworski revealed to the public oculus an heroic narrative ( Trewhitt 34-36 ) of a fallacious political underworld.

Nitish@Solutions Unlimited- Iim-a Case Essay Example

[emailprotected] Unlimited- Iim-a Case Paper TO further expand his career horizon, on the recommendation of his friend Ravine, Nits moved to Solutions Unlimited, an IT company specializing in software solutions. Despite being a star performer from the beginning, his relations with the Operations Officer, Mean, and the Director Operation, Mr.. Algal, , were strained. Hence even though his job was interesting and challenging, he was not comfortable working in the acerbic environment especially around Mean and Mr.. Algal. . Section 1: Statement of the problem facing the manager External factors: The main issues that faced Nits were related to HER as there was no proper communication of the policies and compensation from Solution Unlimited to Nits due to which he had to suffer financial losses. Also, Nits tacked some organizational issues biz. There was a lack of formal hierarchy and he was not allotted any specific roles or responsibilities in the company which resulted in dissatisfaction. There were incidents of unprofessional behavior shown by senior employees in the company. There was also a hint of regional bias against Nits_ Internal factors: Mean was suffering from high degree Of Neurotics and she was easily influenced by the negative emotions. Along vivid this she also suffered from the perception bias as she formed an opinion about Nits in the very first meet and thereafter. Mean could not take the feedback given to her by her boss in a constructive manner and harbored ill Will against Nits. Due to lack of proper organization structure, Mean ended up in controlling the entire HER department without proper training on conflict resolution. 3. Section 2: Detailed analysis of the problem. Most of the external problems emanated from the fact that there was lack of proper organization in the company. This is quite evident as Mr.. Algal who despite being the Director, Operations headed the HER department. The posts of Director and Associate Director of HER department were vacant which showed he ad hoc and careless attitude of the company. We will write a custom essay sample on [emailprotected] Unlimited- Iim-a Case specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on [emailprotected] Unlimited- Iim-a Case specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on [emailprotected] Unlimited- Iim-a Case specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer The direct consequences to this culture was that the roles and responsibilities of Nits and Mean were not clearly defined which certainly caused dissatisfaction in Nits because he was shunted across various projects by Mean, There were certain HER issues which resulted in serious problems as in Nits was not properly informed of all the policies of the company and he had to bear the financial loss that arose out of miscommunication regarding the severance pay and the travel expense for his spouse. With Mr.. Curran putting in his papers and Mr.. Kapok being asked to sign, the company seemed to be moving towards deterioration. The internal problems could be attributed to the personality of Mr.. Algal and especially Mean. Both Of them got jealous Of Nits when they found him rising fast in the company and did not hesitate to jeer him which included a hint of regionalism. Mean seemed to be suffering from Neurotics With very less tolerance for criticism. She became vengeful and tried to create hindrances for Nits along with Mr.. Algal. This proved their poor interpersonal skills and the lack of training in people management. The art of conflict resolution was totally kissing from the scene. 4. Section 3: Decision criteria and alternative solutions. Nits was uncomfortable with the way he was being treated by Mean and as such, wished to break the ice between them. Hence, even though he would ideally have wanted to go to the Amsterdam orientation program a month after settling down in Hydrated, he still decided to prone his departure and left within the week to get into Mean;s good books, With the severance issue as well, he decided to compromise taking the middle path and agreeing to pay some of the expenditure for the severance from his previous company _ In the meantime, Mean kept trying to hinder his progress in the company by taking him out of the project teams he was working with on two separate occasions Thus, his stance had been to ask for what he expected and later on, bow down to a compromise. In light of this behavioral trait, one alternative that he could have would be to bear any minor hindrances that may arise in future, the same way he had done in the past. This would not amount to changing much actively, and would imply sticking to status quo. Passively, Mean and Mr.. Algal might tire of taking pot shots at him in the long run. Also, his performance would probably speak for him and things could take a turn for the better. The second alternative could be to confront Mean out of office about her behavior personally and putting across his side of the story. This would imply taking a more active approach to conflict management. The advantages of this approach would be his coming across as an individual who is prepared to take the crucial first step to managing interpersonal conflict. Also his candid approach might cause Mean to open up and their misunderstanding could possibly he sorted out, 5. Section 4: Recommendations.

Free Essays on Call Of The Wild

Call Of The Wild The main character of the novel, The Call of the Wild, is a St. Bernard and Scotch Shepherd mix, named Buck. As I read the book, I found out that Buck can be very loyal and trustworthy to his master, if his master is loyal to him. Also, at times I found that Buck could turn into an enraged beast very easily. At home, which was a large house called Judge Miller’s Place, in the sun kissed Santa Clara Valley in California, Buck ruled over all of the dogs that were there. Buck was Judge Miller’s inseparable companion, until a man named Manuel, who was one the gardener’s helpers, committed a treacherous act. In order to cover his Chinese lottery gambling debts, he stole Buck from his sound sleep and brought him to a flag station called College Park. There, the exchanging of money took place. Buck was loaded onto an express car to Seattle. On his way to Seattle, he found that a man in a red sweater repeatedly beat him. From then on, Buck would never forget his experiences. In that part of the book, I found out that Buck was now an enraged animal and could only be tamed by repeatedly being hit with a club or a whip. At this point of the book, I was thinking about Judge Miller. He would’ve sent out a message or an investigation in order to find Buck. The trip to Seattle must of taken days and by then, Judge Miller would’ve been worried sick about his inseparable companion. As the story goes on, Buck’s first experience of snow left him feeling pretty stupid. When the train got to the station in Seattle, two men named Perrault and Francois bought him. Buck was then taken to the Yukon where he was trained to be a sled dog. There were other dogs that Buck had grown to know well during his training. In a matter of time, Buck became a great sled dog. Francois and Perrault took the huskies and mix breeds from Dyea Beach to... Free Essays on Call Of The Wild Free Essays on Call Of The Wild Call Of The Wild The main character of the novel, The Call of the Wild, is a St. Bernard and Scotch Shepherd mix, named Buck. As I read the book, I found out that Buck can be very loyal and trustworthy to his master, if his master is loyal to him. Also, at times I found that Buck could turn into an enraged beast very easily. At home, which was a large house called Judge Miller’s Place, in the sun kissed Santa Clara Valley in California, Buck ruled over all of the dogs that were there. Buck was Judge Miller’s inseparable companion, until a man named Manuel, who was one the gardener’s helpers, committed a treacherous act. In order to cover his Chinese lottery gambling debts, he stole Buck from his sound sleep and brought him to a flag station called College Park. There, the exchanging of money took place. Buck was loaded onto an express car to Seattle. On his way to Seattle, he found that a man in a red sweater repeatedly beat him. From then on, Buck would never forget his experiences. In that part of the book, I found out that Buck was now an enraged animal and could only be tamed by repeatedly being hit with a club or a whip. At this point of the book, I was thinking about Judge Miller. He would’ve sent out a message or an investigation in order to find Buck. The trip to Seattle must of taken days and by then, Judge Miller would’ve been worried sick about his inseparable companion. As the story goes on, Buck’s first experience of snow left him feeling pretty stupid. When the train got to the station in Seattle, two men named Perrault and Francois bought him. Buck was then taken to the Yukon where he was trained to be a sled dog. There were other dogs that Buck had grown to know well during his training. In a matter of time, Buck became a great sled dog. Francois and Perrault took the huskies and mix breeds from Dyea Beach to...

Characteristics of a National Hero

Executive Summary No jurisprudence. executive order or announcement has been enacted or issued officially proclaiming any Filipino historical figure as a national hero. However. because of their important functions in the procedure of state edifice and parts to history. there were Torahs enacted and announcements issued honouring these heroes. Even Jose Rizal. considered as the greatest among the Filipino heroes. was non explicitly proclaimed as a national hero. The place he now holds in Philippine history is a testimonial to the continued fear or acclaim of the people in acknowledgment of his part to the important societal transmutations that took topographic point in our state. Aside from Rizal. the lone other hero given an implied acknowledgment as a national hero is Andres Bonifacio whose twenty-four hours of birth on November 30 has been made a national vacation. Despite the deficiency of any official declaration explicitly proclaiming them as national heroes. they remain admired and revered for their functions in Philippine history. Heroes. harmonizing to historiographers. should non be legislated. Their grasp should be better left to faculty members. Acclaim for heroes. they felt. would be recognition plenty. 1. Choice and Proclamation of National Heroes 1. 1 National Heroes Committee On March 28. 1993. President Fidel V. Ramos issued Executive Order No. 75 entitled â€Å"Creating the National Heroes Committee Under the Office of the President† . The chief responsibility of the Committee is to analyze. measure and urge Filipino national personages/heroes in due acknowledgment of their sterling character and singular accomplishments for the state. 1. 2 Findingss and Recommendations of the National Heroes Committee In conformity with Executive Order No. 75 dated March 28. 1993. the National Heroes Committee submitted its findings and recommendations. 1. 2. 1 Criteria for National Heroes The Technical Committee of the National Heroes Committee held a series of meetings on June 3. 1993. August 19. 1993. September 12. 1994 and November 15. 1995. specifying. discussing and considering upon the virtues of the assorted definitions and standards of a hero. The Committee adopted the undermentioned standards as footing for historical research workers in finding who among the great Filipinos will be officially proclaimed as national heroes: Standards for National Heroes ( Adopted by the Technical Committee of the National Heroes Committee on June 3. 1993. Manila. Members of the Committee included Drs. Onofre D. Corpuz. Samuel K. Tan. Marcelino Foronda. Alfredo Lagmay. Bernardita R. Churchill. Serafin D. Quiason. Ambeth Ocampo. so known as Dom Ignacio Maria. Prof. Minerva Gonzales and Mrs. Carmen Guerrero-Nakpil ) 1. Heros are those who have a construct of state and thenceforth aspire and battle for the nation’s freedom. Our ain battle for freedom was begun by Bonifacio and finished by Aguinaldo. the latter officially declaring the revolution’s success. In world. nevertheless. a revolution has no terminal. Revolutions are merely the beginning. One can non draw a bead on to be free merely to drop back into bondage. 2. Heros are those who define and contribute to a system or life of freedom and order for a state. Freedom without order will merely take to anarchy. Therefore. heroes are those who make the nation’s fundamental law and Torahs. such as Mabini and Recto. To the latter. fundamental laws are merely the beginning. for it is the people populating under the fundamental law that genuinely constitute a state. 3. Heros are those who contribute to the quality of life and fate of a state. ( As defined by Dr. Onofre D. Corpuz ) Extra Criteria for Heroes( Adopted by the Technical Committee of the National Heroes Committee on November 15. 1995. Manila ) 1. A hero is portion of the people’s look. But the procedure of a people’s internalisation of a hero’s life and works takes clip. with the young person organizing a portion of the internalisation. 2. A hero thinks of the hereafter. particularly the future coevalss. 3. The pick of a hero involves non merely the relation of an episode or events in history. but of the full procedure that made this peculiar individual a hero. ( As defined by Dr. Alfredo Lagmay ) 1. 2. 2 Historical Figures Recommended as National Heroes On November 15. 1995. the Technical Committee after deliberation and careful survey based on Dr. Onofre D. Corpuz’ and Dr. Alfredo Lagmay’s standards selected the undermentioned nine Filipino historical figures to be recommended as National Heroes: a. Jose Rizalb. Andres Bonifacioc. Emilio Aguinaldod. Apolinario Mabinie. Marcelo H. del Pilarf. Sultan Dipatuan Kudaratg. Juan Lunah. Melchora Aquinoi. Gabriela Silang 1. 2. 3 Status of the Report/Recommendations Submitted by the National Heroes Committee. Since the entry of the report/recommendations by the National Heroes Committee to so Secretary Ricardo T. Gloria of the Department of Education. Culture and Sports on November 22. 1995. no action has been taken. This was likely because this might trip a inundation of petitions for announcements. Another possibility is that the announcements can trip acrimonious arguments affecting historical contentions about the heroes. 2. Laws Honoring/ Commemorating Filipino Historical Figures 2. 1 Heros 2. 1. 1 Jose Rizal 2. 1. 1. 1 Decree of December 20. 1898. issued by General Emilio Aguinaldo. declared December 30 of every twelvemonth a twenty-four hours of national bereavement in award of Dr. Jose Rizal and other victims of the Filipino Revolution. 2. 1. 1. 2 Act No. 137. which organized the politico-military territory of Morong into the Province of Rizal. was the first official measure taken by the Taft Commission to honour our greatest hero and sufferer. 2. 1. 2 Andres Bonifacio 2. 1. 2. 1 Act No. 2946. enacted by the Filipino Legislature on February 16. 1921. made November 30 of each twelvemonth a legal vacation to mark the birth of Andres Bonifacio 2. 1. 2. 2 Act No. 2760. issued on February 23. 1918. confirmed and ratified all stairss taken for the creative activity. care. betterment of national memorials and peculiarly for the hard-on of a memorial to the memory of Andres Bonifacio 2. 1. 3 Other Heros 2. 1. 3. 1 Act No. 3827. enacted by the Filipino Legislature on October 28. 1931. declared the last Sunday of August of every twelvemonth as National Heroes Day. 2. 1. 3. 2 Proclamation No. 510. issued by Pres. Fidel V. Ramos on November 30. 1994. declared the twelvemonth 1996 as the twelvemonth of Filipino Heroes as a testimonial to all Filipinos who. straight and indirectly. gave significance and drift to the cause of freedom. justness. Filipino independency and nationhood. 2. 1. 3. 3 R. A. No. 9070. April 8. 2001. declaring the eighteenth of December of every twelvemonth as a particular working public vacation throughout the state to be known as the Graciano Lopez-Jaena Day 2. 2 Other Historical Figures 2. 2. 1 R. A. No. 6701. February 10. 1989. declaring September One of every twelvemonth. the decease day of remembrance of Gregorio Aglipay y Labayan. as Gregorio L. Aglipay Day and a particular non-working vacation in the Municipality of Batac. Province of Ilocos Norte 2. 2. 2 R. A. No. 7285. March 24. 1992. declaring February Nineteen of each twelvemonth as Dona Aurora Aragon Quezon Day a particular nonworking vacation in the Province of Aurora in order to mark the birth day of remembrance of Dona Aurora Aragon Quezon. the first President of the Philippine National Red Cross. and Foundation Day of the State 2. 2. 3 R. A. No. 7805. September 1. 1994. declaring January 28 of every twelvemonth as a non-working particular public vacation in the City of Cavite to be known as Julian Felipe Day 2. 2. 4 R. A. No. 7950. March 25. 1995. declaring December Eighteen of every twelvemonth as â€Å"Araw ng Laguna† and a particular on the job twenty-four hours in the Province of Laguna and the City of San Pablo to mark the memory and decease of the late Governor Felicisimo T. San Luis 2. 2. 5 R. A. No. 9067. April 8. 2001. declaring April 15 of every twelvemonth as President Manuel A. Roxas Day which shall be observed as a particular working public vacation in the Province of Capiz and the City of Roxas *From the Reference and Research Bureau Legislative Research Service. House of Congress WHAT IS A NATIONAL HERO?On our national hero’s 150 birth day of remembrance. I am forced to rethink my reply to this inquiry one time more. In the non so distant yesteryear. there has been a batch of inquiry as to why Dr. Jose Rizal is the country’s national hero. Renato Constantino argues that he is an American-sponsored hero ; that Rizal symbolized non-violence and peaceable promotion of reforms. traits that the American residents wanted for Filipinos to follow and therefore forestall farther rebellions against their hegemony. Others have hailed Andres Bonifacio as the â€Å"true† national hero for forming the first Filipino authorities and taking the first anti-colonial revolution in Asia. The Retraction Controversy has besides placed uncertainties on Rizal’s patriotism and his anti-clerical stance. The inquiries stem from the fact that our usual impression of a national hero is person who is brave. strong. able-bodied. and leads a military force into w ar against a colonial/imperial power — people such as George Washington. Simon Bolivar. or Sun Yat Sen. Apparently. machismo is still in the mind most Filipinos. This impression has to alter in our clip when even the smallest workss of selflessness can be considered gallantry. In my sentiment. for one to be a hero. one must give him/herself for the release its people or as an drift of such release. Andres Bonifacio and Emilio Aguinaldo falls under this class. both holding bravely fought the Spaniards in the battleground. However. Andres Bonifacio neer won any of his conflicts and normally goes off to salvage himself one time his forces are routed. He truly sees it of import that people’s leader remains alive at the terminal of the conflict instead than give life and limb. The same manner with Emilio Aguinaldo who alternatively of confronting the Americans in the battleground. has decided to evade them until his apprehension in Palanan and subsequent pledge of commitment to the United States. Dr. Jose Rizal is possibly the prototype of such self-sacrifice though. He sacrifices his love life and a quiet life to garner cognition around the universe that would be helpful in the battle for reforms in the state. He translates celebrated literary plants into Filipino for his countrymen to see ( such as plants by Hans Christian Andersen and Schiller ) and labours to guarantee a just position about his state abroad ( such as footnoting Morga’s Sucesos de las Islas Filipinas ) . He uses his ain luck. clip and attempt to care for his countrymen. as he did when he opened his clinic in Hong Kong or in Dapitan. He enlightens his people about their position in society by composing the Noli and the Fili. His ultimate forfeit possibly is when he refuses to be saved by Bonifacio’s revolution and alternatively gives his ain life at executing so that the revolution can hold the ultimate inspiration. Both Bonifacio and Aguinaldo recognized his forfeits by idolizing him as the revolution’s inspiration. Aguinaldo was foremost to declare him national hero in 1898. even before the Americans â€Å"sponsored† it. Rizal’s selflessness has been modeled throughout history by other heroes. such as Manuel L. Quezon ( who sacrificed clip. money and attempt for the constitution of the Commonwealth ) . Jose P. Laurel ( who sacrificed repute to join forces with the enemy and salvage more Filipinos from the Japanese ) . Ninoy Aquino ( who sacrificed his life at blackwash so that the People Power Revolution could force through ) and Efren Penaflorida ( who sacrificed clip. money and attempt to learn the street kids of Cavite ) . In the terminal. there is no uncertainty that Rizal is the first to visualize himself and his state as a state of Filipinos and to continue its autonomy from the residents. At his 150th birth day of remembrance. Dr. Jose Rizal will stay as the bosom o f the Philippine revolution and the Philippine national hero. Originally posted at hypertext transfer protocol: //soksay. blogspot. com On December 20. 1898. Gen. Emilio Aguinaldo. as caput of the Philippine Revolutionary Government. issued a decree proclaiming Dec. 30 of every twelvemonth a national twenty-four hours of mourning in award of Dr. Jose Rizal and the other sufferer of the revolution against Spain. This was merely two old ages after the executing of the hero by the Spanish colonial authorities. On Feb. 16. 1921. the members of the Filipino Legislature passed Act No. 2496. proclaiming Nov. 30 of every twelvemonth a legal vacation to mark the birth of Andres Bonifacio. laminitis of the Katipunan. This was merely 25 old ages after the launching of the nationalist revolution against Spain by the Kataastaasan Kagalang-galang na Katipunan nang manga Anak nang Bayan ( Highest Honorable Association of Children of the Nation ) . or Katipunan. Since so. the names of Rizal and Bonifacio have led the parade of celebrated and valiant heroes honored by coevalss of Filipinos for their parts to national integrity. freed om and societal advancement. Revisionist positionsBut since the 1960s. there has arisen a revisionist historical tendency oppugning the standing of both Rizal and Bonifacio in the vanguard of that parade of heroes. One school of idea contends that Rizal was non worthy to be considered our first national hero because he was â€Å"made in USA. † In an article written in 1970. coroneted â€Å"Veneration Without Understanding. † the historian Renato Constantino referred to Rizal as an â€Å"American-sponsored hero. † This point of view was expressed during the period of societal and political activism led by pupils. workers and provincials against the brewing Marcos absolutism and against the American war on Vietnam as an look of renascent US imperialism. Constantino claimed that US Governor General Howard Taft set up Rizal as a national hero because Rizal was considered a â€Å"reformist† and a â€Å"pacifist. † while Bonifacio was a revolutionist who resorted to violence to derive national independency. Since the US colonial swayers of course wanted to deter revolution against their government. they chose Rizal over Bonifacio as the Philippines’ national hero. The message was interpreted by the militants as reflecting their position that it was Bonifacio who most deserved the rubric of No. 1 Filipino hero. The Taft Commission. which functioned as the US colonial disposal in the Philippines from 1900 to 1904. passed Act No. 37. making the State of Rizal out of the military territory of Morong in award of Dr. Rizal. The act did non officially declare Rizal a national hero. nor proclaim a national vacation in his award. Besides. the Taft Commission represented a foreign authorities that had gained power through for ce and could non talk for the Filipino people. Popular sentiment General Aguinaldo. acknowledged leader of the de facto Philippine Republic. proclaimed Rizal a national hero in front of the American colonial disposal. In conformity with his edict of Dec. 20. 1898. the people of Daet. Camarines Norte. instantly started a subscription for the edifice of a memorial for Dr. Rizal at the town’s place. The memorial was inaugurated in February 1899. shortly after the eruption of the Philippine-American War on Feb. 1. Hence. the announcement of Rizal as a national hero was an reliable act of the Filipino people even before the United States officially consolidated its regulation. By no agencies can it be said that he was an â€Å"American-sponsored† hero. If at all. in purportedly taking Rizal as our national hero. Taft was merely staying by the popular sentiment of the Filipino people as already expressed through General Aguinaldo. whose authorities was so autonomous throughout the full state. except in Manila. The announcement of Bonifacio as a national hero was made by the Filipino Legislature. composed of duly elected Filipino representatives of the Filipino Legislature. so basking self-government under the American colonial government. He. excessively. should be considered a echt pick of the Filipinos as a national hero despite the expostulation of the American disposal that he was excessively much of a revolutionist. Bonifacio revisedBonifacio. like Rizal. has besides suffered from historical revisionism. The most recent revisionist composing about Bonifacio was that by Bryan C. Paraiso. a senior historical sites development officer of the National Historical Commission. In Paraiso’s article published by the Filipino Daily Inquirer on Nov. 30. 2012. on the juncture of Bonifacio’s 149th birth day of remembrance. the hero reveals fervor in his Hagiographas. Paraiso described Bonifacio as an â€Å"elusive† historical character. Paraiso went so far as to favourably cite an American historiographer. Glenn Anthony May. that â€Å"the Bonifacio celebrated in history text editions and memorialized in statues around the Philippines is in world something closer to a national myth. † May. who has written a figure of controversial books on Philippine history stressing the function of the elite in the Filipino revolution and in the armed opposition against American business. is a h istory professor at the University of Oregon. Paraiso rejected the judgement of Filipino historiographers like Epifanio de los Santos. who had tried to justify the image of Bonifacio against his disparagers. Paraiso considered the Hagiographas of De los Santos and other Filipino historiographers â€Å"subjective† reading. connoting that the foreigners’ reading of Philippine history is â€Å"objective. † In fact. the observations of the American historiographers on our anticolonial battles could merely every bit good transport prejudice to warrant the colonial conquerings of our state. But is it necessary and helpful for Filipinos to oppose their heroes against each other. infinitely debating who are more deserving of popular worship? Unique function Every hero plays his ain alone function in history. which is that to support and advance the involvements of the state at any peculiar clip of national crisis. giving his or her ain life and opportunism. George Washington and Abraham Lincoln are both American primary heroes executing different functions at different times in their country’s historical development. They. excessively. had their critics. Rizal consciously planted and nourished the seed of patriotism. In his novels. essays and announcements he promoted the thought of freedom and the contingency of national independency. At first Rizal advocated reforms. But when the supplication for reforms failed. he advocated independency. even through revolution. This is apparent in his novel â€Å"Noli Me Tangere. † which emphasized reforms. and its subsequence. â€Å"El Filibusterismo. † which preached revolution. Rizal’s chief essays. â€Å"The Indolence of the Filipinos. † and â€Å"The Philippi nes a Century Hence. † argued for an terminal to colonialism. by reforms if possible. and. if non. through revolution. Bonifacio read the novels of Rizal and perchance his two chauvinistic essays that were published by La Solidaridad. the periodical of reformer Filipino emigres in Madrid. which Rizal had joined but which he subsequently left when he eventually realized that their agitation for reforms were falling on the deaf ears. It was so that Rizal wrote the â€Å"Fili. † La Liga Filipina It was Rizal’s Hagiographas and his turning repute as a leader of Filipino patriotism that led Bonifacio in 1892 to fall in Rizal’s La Liga Filpina. an organisation that was in kernel a shadow authorities for an independent state. The organisation of the Liga by Rizal was cited in the indictment against him as one of the Acts of the Apostless of lese majesty he allegedly had committed against the Spanish government. The declared purposes of the Liga. including. â€Å"To unite the whole archipelago into one compact. vigorous and homogeneous organic structure. † were right interpreted by the Spanish governments as an effort at segregation. This led the Spanish authorities to expatriate Rizal to the speeds of Mindanao. He was finally executed upon strong belief of lese majesty. In his memoirs of the Filipino Revolution. Apolinario Mabini recalled that he met Bonifacio at the organisation of the Liga. After Rizal’s ostracism on July 6. 1892. Bonifacio and a smattering of other members of the Liga tried to maintain it alive by go oning to beg parts for La Solidaridad. Mabini. was elected secretary of the Supreme Council of the Liga after Rizal’s apprehension. He subsequently became president of the Cabinet of President Aguinaldo and secretary of foreign personal businesss in the first Philippine Republic that fought the United States for independency. The late former Sen. Claro M. Recto. the greatest Filipino patriot of our clip. in a address in 1960 to a civic convention in Baguio City. identified â€Å"Rizal. the poet. mind. realist ; Bonifacio. the idealist adult male of action ; and Mabini. the solon. † as â€Å"three of the greatest patriots this state has produced. † Katipunan When the Liga eventually dissolved because of dissensions among its officers. Bonifacio formed the Katipunan. which was wholly dedicated to the aim of subverting the Spanish colonial authorities through armed revolution. Bonifacio had come to the decision that the period for requests had ended. and that revolution had become an imperative. The Katipunan was hence a direct branch of the Liga Filipina. Bonifacio used the name of â€Å"Jose Rizal† as one of the watchwords for the members of the secret society. It was an recognition by Bonifacio that Rizal was his wise man and inspiration. if non his leader. All revolutions start out with requests for reforms. Thus it was with the Gallic. Russian and American revolutions. The US Declaration of Independence provinces: â€Å"In every province of these Oppressions We have Petitioned for Redress in the most low footings: Our perennial Requests have been answered merely by perennial hurt. † The rejection of the requests for reforms by the La Solidaridad propagandists. including representation in the Spanish parliament. paved the manner for the bloody Katipunan revolution for segregation. In his seminal essay. â€Å"The Philippines A Century Hence. † published by La Solidaridad from Sept. 30. 1898. to Feb. 1. 1890. Rizal wrote that if the reforms were non granted. â€Å"the Philippines one twenty-four hours will declare herself necessarily and unmistakably independent †¦ . Necessity is the strongest God the universe knows. and necessity is the consequence of physical Torahs put into action by moral forces. † Rizal planted the seed of revolution. and Bonifacio watered it. They were the twins of historical necessity. The moral force of history brought them together. each to carry through doomed functions in the battle of our people for nation-building and independency. That their bequests should be made to vie against each other goes against the jurispru dence of history. which mandates that each historical figure. like every coevals. has a definite function to play in the fate of a state. Divide and regulation Revisionists are using the time-honoured colonial maneuver of â€Å"divide and rule† to enforce and perpetuate their laterality over conquered peoples. Those who play this game. opposing our heroes against each other. and seting seeds of intuition about their worth. are playing the game of our former colonial Masterss. As Recto said in the same address. â€Å"A steadfast belief in the mastermind of our race and in the capacity of the people for advancement toward the attainment of their fate is another basic constituent of patriotism. † Destroy that patriotism and you destroy the state. After all. colonialism does non stop in the mere overthrow of the colonial power. Colonial establishments are left behind. particularly after 400 old ages of foreign domination ( 350 by the Spaniards and 50 by the Americans ) . There are leftovers of colonialism that must be swept off wholly before the colonial topics can be wholly free. particularly when they are embedded in the wonts o f the head. The devastation of the characters of national heroes are equivalent to undermine of the nation’s strength and baronial intents. Continued attempts to eliminate the message of Rizal by prophesying that he had retracted his Hagiographas is a blind to destruct patriotism. The same goes with attempts to mythologise the character of Rizal’s spouse in patriotism and revolution. Bonifacio. Bertolt Brecht. European poet and dramatist. in his drama. â€Å"Galileo. † has written. â€Å"Unhappy the land that needs heroes. † The Philippines is an unhappy land of wretchedness. poorness and underdevelopment. It needs heroes. Why destruct them? Paraiso denigrated Bonifacio even on the juncture of his decease day of remembrance. which the state reverentially observed. Paraiso said. â€Å"Fate has been unkind to Bonifacio. His mystery-shrouded life ended in black decease. † Harmonizing to the American Heritage Dictionary. â€Å"ignominious† means â€Å"marked by shame or shame: dishonourable. † It is bad plenty that this honest and brave â€Å"son of the people† ( anak ng bayan ) should be called a â€Å"myth† by an vague American historiographer. and his decease should be called black or scandalous by an employee of the National Historical Commission of the Philippines. The bravery of Bonifacio It is true that Bonifacio was executed by an order of Aguinaldo in a battle for power within the radical motion. But Bonifacio faced his destiny courageously. with the same unbeatable bravery that he had mustered in constructing the radical motion from a smattering of nationalists to 1000s of ill armed avid zealots eager to put down their lives for freedom and independency. Bonifacio did this through four long old ages of painstaking enlisting in secret rites in darkened suites under the very olfactory organs of the progressively nervous colonial and clerical governments. with every minute fraught with the danger of find. anguish and decease. And eventually. when the motion was unwittingly discovered. he launched the revolution armed merely with a six-gun. assailing a military armory. lighting the radical war that vindicated and upheld the award and manhood of coevalss of Filipinos who had been chained in colonial bondage for three and a half centuries. Following dissensions in the ranks of the revolutionists. Bonifacio was shot and wounded as he resisted gaining control by soldiers he considered renegades to the revolution. His capturer. Col. Lazaro Makapagal. claimed that Bonifacio shed â€Å"bitter tears† when. together with his brother. he faced certain decease. but he did non implore for his life. and the cryings he shed were surely due to his defeat that the radical motion that he led to fruition was in danger of catastrophe. Bonifacio’s background showed that whatever his mistakes. deficiency of bravery was non one of them. As the quintessential revolutionist. Mao Zedong said. â€Å"A revolution is non a dinner party. or composing an essay. or painting a image. or making embellishment ; †¦ . A revolution is an rebellion. an act of force by which one category overthrows another. † It is non so orderly like romantic fiction. Ratified by the people Yes. Bonifacio’s decease was a personal calamity. But it was non â€Å"ignominious. † Even as he considered himself a victim of unfairness by some of his fellow revolutionists. he did non abandon the revolution. He decided to go forth Cavite. the state of his factional antagonists. to go on to contend the revolution elsewhere. â€Å"Heroes are those who have a construct of state and hence aspire and battle for the nation’s freedom. † said the proficient commission of the National Heroes Commission in a study to President Fidel V. Ramos on June 3. 1993. Rizal and Bonifacio met that standard wholly. They are. so far. the lone heroes who have been honored by edict and jurisprudence with national vacations. The remainder are every bit honored with particular vacations. The members of the commission who drafted the standards for heroes were recognized historiographers and authors: Dr. Onofre D. Corpuz. Samuel K. Tan. Marcelino Foronda. Alfredo Lagmay. Bernardit o R. Churchill. Serafin D. Quiason. Ambeth Ocampo ( so known as the monastic Dom Ignacio Maria ) . Prof. Minerva Gonzales and Carmen Guerrero-Nakpil. Other historical figures The commission recommended nine other historical figures to be recognized as national heroes in a study to the Department of Education. Culture and Sports ( Decs ) in a study on Nov. 22. 1995. But the Decs took no action on the recommendation for fright that it would stir contention. Rizal and Bonifacio. who had already been declared national heroes by Acts of the Apostless of Congress. led the list of heroes made by the commission. The pick of Rizal and Bonifacio as the first national heroes has been ratified by the Filipino people through many coevalss as evidenced by the statues erected spontaneously in their award in towns and metropoliss throughout the archipelago. Historical revisionism. for whatever ground. will non wipe out this heartfelt fear in concrete and rock by all Filipinos nationwide.

HIV Infected Mothers Having Babies Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

HIV Infected Mothers Having Babies - Essay Example Because more women are infected with HIV, there is dilemma for public servants in helping HIV positive mothers have babies. Some believe HIV positive women should not have babies at all. Others would rather not see babies Born to HIV mothers become infected, but realize that as human beings those women wish to have normal family lives as others do. For some women, the idea of having a baby with a positive HIV status is unthinkable. They would not want to take the risk of transmitting the virus to the baby. They also may fear that spouses or other family members would not want to care for an HIV positive baby after the mother’s death. Other women believe having a baby where there is a high risk of birth defects is ok, but not having a baby that might get the HIV virus. Personal views stem from socially acceptable norms that accept babies with birth defects more than those with HIV. Other women believe that regardless of the risks, they have a right to bear children and have a f amily just as much as the next woman. Women in the United States are not prohibited from having babies when they are HIV positive. Interestingly, in Botswana some officials discourage women with HIV from having babies â€Å"claiming that they are not fit to take care of a child or that they will automatically transmit the virus to the infant† (Doyle). Women are often shunned by locals who know they have the virus, when they decide to have children. This is surprising as infants are more likely to die in their first year of life due to unsanitary water and poor nutrition.

Philosophy and the Self Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Philosophy and the Self - Assignment Example Most people are confronted with hard decisions such as: what person is best to get married to? Should he relocate to another state (i.e. Illinois)? Should he buy a car or a penthouse? Do they intend to have kids? These hard decisions are usually termed as life changing decisions that shape someone’s destiny. Matters such as politics, religion, best ways to ensure human and civil rights are upheld, good procedures to ensure the nation’s security, procedures to realization of an equitable, just and free society are usually disagreeable by reasonable minds. Other critical issues that reasonable minds can disagree revolve around on if it is best to legalize early term abortion or legalize same-sex marriages. The scope of this paper will explore the issue of religion freedom based on beliefs, values and the theories of freedom that justify or contrast the varying perceptions of religious freedom (Scheinin, 2000). An important allegory of a person who made a life changing decision in the bible is Abraham. Trust was a key requirement that Abraham was supposed to have first. God needed him to follow God, be a loyal servant and in turn he would bless him and all his descendants. Also, his descendants would be as many as a million stars in the sky. Furthermore, Abraham was already old and had no kids. Abraham decision to truly and completely trust God with his heart was one such hard decision that transformed his life. God in turn fulfilled His promising by blessing Abraham and all of his descendants. Furthermore, He gave him a son at that old age which is impossible. The trust in God portrayed by Abraham is hard to find in the current society. Alternatively if there is, it may not be a full conviction from ones’ heart. Moreover, people sometimes question if God truly exists. Reasonable minds can argue such a case by various theorists such as the creation theory and

Reading Questions Essay Example for Free

Reading Questions Essay He decides that it is a â€Å"false memory† and that they did not matter as long as one knew what the memories stood for; he proceeds to smile at the portrait of Big Brother and his legs convulse as the announcement is made that Oceania won the war. Short Answer Questions for Entire Novel 1. During Winstons stay in the Ministry of Love, OBrien asks Winston, How does one man exert his power over another to which Winston replies, By making him suffer. Explain how The Party is able to maintain control and power over its citizens (proles and party members alike) by making them suffer. Cite examples from the text to support your answer. There are several instances in which The Party makes the citizens suffer; for instance, in part three, Winston’s elbow is smashed as O’Brien identifies himself as a member of the Ministry of Love. It is at this very moment when Winston comes up with the hypothesis that no one can be a hero if they are physically tortured. There is also the example of the party members doing exercises like toe touches (Winston particularly has trouble actually executing the exercises). In a way, this results in the party members having to be even more obedient (since the telescreen watches everything). The telescreen is what controls everything; if you even think of revolting against The Party, you will be terminated; and not a word would be said about it, yet it intimidated the rest of the population (proles and party members alike) because they wanted to avoid being vanished.

A challenge to Materialism Essay -- essays research papers

Cartesian Dualism Challenged   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In this paper, I will examine the issues of individuation and identity in Descartes’ philosophy of mind-body dualism. I will begin by addressing the framework of Cartesian dualism. Then I will examine the problems of individuation and identity as they relate to Descartes. Hopefully, after explaining Descartes’ reasoning and subsequently offering my response, I can show with some degree of confidence that the issues of individuation and identity offer a challenge to the Cartesians’ premise of mind-body dualism. Before diving into a critical examination of these two issues, it would be wise to first discuss the basis of Descartes’ philosophy. Descartes begins his discussion of mind by first disregarding everything that he can call into doubt. After this mental cleansing, Descartes is left only with the maxim that ‘I cannot doubt that I am doubting.’ From this conclusion, Descartes states that some entity must be doing this doubting, and claims that this entity is his mind. The Cartesian mind has only one property: thinking. Consequently, Descartes establishes a distinction between mind and body. The two share no characteristics, as the body does not indulge in thinking, the mind’s solitary function. Further, mind and body are independent of each other; mind can exist even in the absence of body. At the same time, Descartes does not doubt that â€Å"the mind begins to think as soon as it is implanted in the body of an infant.† Yet the mind does not need the b ody to engage in introspection, the action of thinking about thinking. Only introspection is immune from illusion, confusion, or doubt. Information about the world outside of mind is prone to these hazards. We cannot conclude with certainty that other minds exist. Thus, the Cartesian is left to what I would dub a lonely existence: â€Å"Even if [a Cartesian] prefers to believe that to other human bodies there are harnessed minds not unlike his own, he cannot claim to be able to discover their individual characteristics. Absolute solitude is on this showing the ineluctable destiny of the soul. Only our bodies can meet.† Now I will critically examine Descartes’ mind-body philosophy by addressing the issues of individuation and identity. First, I need to be clear about the issues I am addressing. In order to fully understand the problem of individuation, we nee... ...owed in my earlier example, consider bodies the same. Strawson argues that even if a Cartesian claims to be directly experiencing his mind through introspection and therefore has no need of explaining the identity of his mind, he still cannot rule out the possibility that a thousand different minds may occupy him during the next moment. As with individuation, Strawson and his fellow anti-Cartesians can correctly identify minds in the same manner that I identified myself as the same girl I was 9 years ago. Those operating under Descartes’ philosophy cannot identify the same mind over time, and consequently cannot speak â€Å"coherently† (as Strawson puts it) about mind.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Using Strawson’s analysis of Descartes as a guide, I have attempted to demonstrate how two issues—individuation and identity—threaten to dismantle Descartes’ philosophy of mind-body dualism. I have stood behind the anti-Cartesian argument that in order to associate one mind with one body—which Strawson claims is a vital principle to both Cartesians and anti-Cartesians—we must think of mind as something dependent on a person and not as something separate altogether, as Descartes would argue.

“Trash” by Andy Mulligan Essay

Rat, is a small but clever boy who really does live up to his name. He is fast but sneaky, dirty but charming and is friendly. Rat is always getting things from the mission school as he appears to be sweet and useless. He saves the money that he is giving so, surprisingly is one of the riches people on the dump. Quotes about/by Rat: â€Å"Rat is a boy- three or four years younger than me. His real name is Jun-Jun. Nobody calls him that, though, because he lived with the rats and has come to look like one. He was the only kid in Behala that I knew of who had no family at all†¦Ã¢â‚¬  P.19 â€Å"The kid was sitting up, just in his shorts, gazing at me with frightened eyes and his big broken teeth sticking out of his mouth.† P.22 â€Å"I am the best hearer, the best jumper, the best runner-they think I brag, but they know it’s true!† P.159 â€Å"Rat saw a once we had to dive back in among them†¦ It was the smarted thing he ever did.† P.163 Trash (2010), a novel by Andy Mulligan, ends with the protagonists Raphael, Gardo and Rat starting their new life together. In the course of the novel, they faced many challenges and their friendships grows. Each character has qualities which helped build this friendship. Raphael shows the qualities of friendliness, kindness, caring and self less. Gardo shows the qualities of empathy, cleverness and leadership. Rat shows the qualities of trustfulness, sneakiness and thoughtful. The boy’s friendship holds the key to their survival, helping them to leave the dumpsite and find a better life. Raphael’s key qualities are friendliness, selfless and clever. Raphael shows the quality of friendly in the scene where he listen to Rat when nobody knows what he is doing. A quote which gives evidence of this quality is â€Å"and I’d listen to his chit chat singing† (Mulligan,2011, p.23). Another important quality that Raphael shows is selfless. He demonstrates this quality in the scene where he wants to give Rat some food for him to eat. A quote which gives evidence of this quality is â€Å"I thought, I should have brought him a bit of food† (Mulligan, 2011, pg.22). Finally, Raphael’s quality of clever is shown in the scene where he trying to figure out the code for the words. A quote which gives evidence of this quality is â€Å" go to the map ref where we lay look for the brightest my child.† (Mulligan, 2011 , pg.152). All of these qualities help Raphael to overcome his hardships and  be a good friend to Gardo and Raphael†¦.

Land Rover Essay

The automotive industry has been better days. Many auto companies are now facing declining revenues and negative profits. Additionally, because of its primary dependence on products that consume petroleum, the auto industry has a big environmental black eye, especially companies that primarily make gas-guzzling trucks and SUVs. During the past few years, however, Land Rover has experienced tremendous growth in revenues and profits, It is currently selling more vehicles than ever worldwide. How is this possible for a company that only sells SUVs? One of the biggest reasons is Land Rover’s strategic focus on social responsibility and environmentalism. Land Rover believes that it can meet consumer needs for luxury all-terrain vehicles while at the same time providing a vehicle that is kinder to the environment. As a corporation, it is also working feverishly to reduce its carbon emission, reduce waste, and reduce water consumption and pollution. With actions like this, Land Rover is successfully repositioning its brand away from the standard perceptions of SUVs as environmental enemies. After viewing the video featuring Land Rover, answer the following question about the company’s efforts toward social responsibility: 1. Make a list of social criticisms of the automotive industry. Discuss all of the ways that Land Rover is combating those criticisms. 2. By the textbook’s definition, does Land Rover practice’ sustainable marketing? 3. Do you believe that Land Rover is sincere in its efforts to be environmentally friendly? Is it even possible for a large SUV to be environmentally friendly? Present support for both sides of these arguments.

Free Essays on Radically Unchurched

Alvin Reid in â€Å"radically unchurched† first gives many alarming statistics about the real number of people in the world today that are not connected in any way to the body of Christ. More alarming are the statistics of the churches in the United States that are stagnant are dead. More alarming than the actual numbers is the fact that some how we have always known this but find ways to justify in our minds the reasons why we are members of these churches without doing anything about it. In the first half of the book Reid takes the time to make sure that the reader is fully aware of the definition of a â€Å"radically unchurched† person. Using many illustrations and actual real life stories to open the readers understanding to what he is writing. The stories are very touching and moving. They are stories of people we interact with everyday of our lives. Reid really brings it home to the reader. In the second half of the book Reid then puts it to application. Really in a way that will convict and open the eyes of the reader. He writes stories of churches that are reaching people in our world today, through genuine ways of kindness and caring. He gives examples as simple as paying for washing machine cost at laundry mats, and free car washes. He describes churches with a passion for the lost. These churches are friendly, they are Spirit filled churches that have genuine worship and biblical sermons. These churches do not water down the gospel but portray the gospel that Christ taught and lived. I was not just now awakened to the reality of a â€Å"radically unchurched† person, for I have spent most of my life in construction and sub-contracting millwright work in plants. I spent everyday with many unchurched men who have shared experiences about co-workers that claimed to be Christians and lived a life no different than their own. I have been raised in church all my life, but did not except the Lord Jesus ... Free Essays on Radically Unchurched Free Essays on Radically Unchurched Alvin Reid in â€Å"radically unchurched† first gives many alarming statistics about the real number of people in the world today that are not connected in any way to the body of Christ. More alarming are the statistics of the churches in the United States that are stagnant are dead. More alarming than the actual numbers is the fact that some how we have always known this but find ways to justify in our minds the reasons why we are members of these churches without doing anything about it. In the first half of the book Reid takes the time to make sure that the reader is fully aware of the definition of a â€Å"radically unchurched† person. Using many illustrations and actual real life stories to open the readers understanding to what he is writing. The stories are very touching and moving. They are stories of people we interact with everyday of our lives. Reid really brings it home to the reader. In the second half of the book Reid then puts it to application. Really in a way that will convict and open the eyes of the reader. He writes stories of churches that are reaching people in our world today, through genuine ways of kindness and caring. He gives examples as simple as paying for washing machine cost at laundry mats, and free car washes. He describes churches with a passion for the lost. These churches are friendly, they are Spirit filled churches that have genuine worship and biblical sermons. These churches do not water down the gospel but portray the gospel that Christ taught and lived. I was not just now awakened to the reality of a â€Å"radically unchurched† person, for I have spent most of my life in construction and sub-contracting millwright work in plants. I spent everyday with many unchurched men who have shared experiences about co-workers that claimed to be Christians and lived a life no different than their own. I have been raised in church all my life, but did not except the Lord Jesus ...